Differentiating mechanism.



H. E. BAYLY. DIFFERENTIATING MEGHANISM. APPLICATION FILED MAY 12, 1913.

Patented June 2, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

WET/Emma Error/mm H. E. BA'YLY. DIFFERENTIATING MECHANISM.

APPLIOATlON FILED MAY 1.2, 1913 "lhis JHOChlIlllSl'llS, to be usecl wherevern (lill'erenee intho mo \einente of parts is tlesireifl or nee-- l essery, the some being particularly appliiriir 2i J i H in. tile. Elle.

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To (IZZ whom it may concern Be it known that l, l'lAIllil. l3. Beyer, :1 citizen of the li'nited, Stews, residing" iii. ll: lliauopolis, in the county of .lvlarion and State of lnilim'm, have invented certain new :mrl useful Improvements in Difierentinting lllechauism; oi? which the following is a spemhcuilon.

inventien relates to iiifl'ercntinl l able to lie usetl in connection with motor ears; and. the object of the invention is to provide i cliil'erentiel meehanisin ot' the above character in which the gen usually employed. in such mechanisms are (lis-xpenseil with theri'lbv producing a, mechanism that will be simple and durable in coustriwtion and which will he ellicient in operntimi.

it further object of the invention. is to Provide a tliflerentinl mechanism ol the above ohm-actor wherein the some results are obtained as in isiinihir constructions oinho'dying gears 0r pinions so that the exact nese necessary in the manufacture of toothed gears, retchet's and friction devices is eli1ni-- meted.

A further object of the inventior is to provide it dhlerentinl ineel'ienisin wherein.

the arrangement enrl mechanical construc tion of the various parts will. permit the driven kudos to rotate at cliiierent-speeds while being: driven from :1, common thriving member, whereby the decreasing movement,

which is known as :1 compensating moveznent, is obtained, thereby permitting the power transmitted :lrom the engine to be equally nliviilecl between .the driven axles and Wheels in such a way that either driven axle or its Wheel is elrill times .i'ree to take the initiative during-the period of inerczisin or decreasing speeds.

A iurther olnect oi the invention consists in the provision 0']: :1 (hilerentml mechanism wherein the number, 0i. working parts that comprise said mechanism are greatly redncecl tl'ierobv increasing the Working elm-- eieney-thereoi while :12; the some time reilne ing the cost of construction encl maintenance of some To eeeontiplish these entis, the invention comprise the noveldeteils of construction and arrangement of ports, iuily shown Specification of Letters Patent.

Application fl-lecl May 12, 1913 Eerial Ne. llllylfll.

'21, suitable 'iower generator,

in addition to holding; the so? 15 in place v sui tnh le Pertentetl. Jone Hi lel in. H10 necoin iziuiying iira'wings, and (le- SCl'll fll in the :lollowing description, which terms 1} p21 rt of this application, in 'WlllCl1- I Figure 1 top or plain View of the difl'errmfml housing, and the driven axles, showing the gear mechanism b which n wer from the engine is applied to the iliilllrentiel meelmniszn. .hi r 2 a longitudinal. section, on EL considerably ezilznre edl scale on the line 2-2 in ri is thin}? or plum view of the construction shown in l ig'. except that the ezi ingr is shown in section. l ig. -lis 2). View hit to Fist. 3, except that the inlernnl piirls of the ilifleb er whereby ll connection is :l'orn'ieil between. the iuljirirent enrls of the driven axles. I

.liclerring to the drawings 10 represents the cnsii'ig; in which the ilillereulinl uiechw nisin is housed, sold easing being; cast in one pier-0 hollow in the (renter .to provide ivorkin e' rmrm, for the internal parts of the (lil'lcrentuil nieclizinienn and being further })l.'0\l.(l(. .l with the apertures 1% to admit the .ilriven :IZClOS, and the opening}; 1% through which oceess may he hzufl to the interior of the casing the latter opening being elosecl li v moons of :1 rep or. plate 15. The casing: l0 is provuil uil with on ii'ilzegrrally :llormecl iii: 10 to which 21 hovel union 1? is secureel by i'i'iemis oi: suu'nhle bolts 15%. ".llhe pinion l7 meshes with the pinion 1.9 which is cured in the driving By this con struc on when the driving: shaft 530 is re tinted, movement of rotation will he pin-tell lo the casin 0 through the pihiiiri; 19 mul 1i. m proviiled with e centrally ilisnoseil transverse pin 525 which,

lit F30 whieli lezuls to l l uleelninisln are shmvn in changed position. Big: 5 we view of the movable heed receive the balls 31 which are formed integrally with the crank members 32 formed integrally with the axles 33 and 34. This arrangement permits one member of the head 26'to be passed through the opening 14a-nd on the pin 25, after which the balls 31 may be placed into the semi-spherical recesses in said member, after w ich the remaining member of said head may be placed into position, the two members of the head then being secured together by means of the bolts 27. The. recesses 30 are cut suf-. ficiently deep in the head 26 to allow the head 26 to extend beyond the center of the balls, thereb preventing accidental longitudinal (lisp acement of the axles from the head 26.

.When the differential mechanism herein shown is employed in connection with a motor car, it will be noted that the pinion 17,

the housing 10, together with the axles 33 and '34 and the head 26 will rotate in unison when the car is traveling in a straight line, the power being transmitted from the casing through the vertical pin When, ,however, the car turns a corner, wherethe radius of the arc of travel of one of the rean wheels is greater than the radius of the arc of travel of the other, compensation of movement of the internal parts of the mechanism must be provided to allow for this variation in travel of the wheels, and this variation of the movements of the parts is permitted by 34 will cause the head :26 to revolve and oscillate on its axis around the pin 25, in case the car 15 moving forward, in the direction of the arrow 1n F 1g; 4, while the ball on the end of the crank axle 33 has correspondingly moved backward toward the position of the parts shown by the full lines in Fig. 4. Thus it will be seen that the compensatory movement necessary to allow the center/of the ball to move away from the plane through the longitudinal axis of the axles 33 and 34 is permitted by the movement of the head 26 around the pin 25. When the car is again righted and is moving in a straightaway path the parts maintain their relative positions until the car rounds another curve.

In case the curve taken is in the same direction as the former one the head 26 will coni tinue to move in the same direction as be fore, whereas should the car round a curve extending in the opposite direction from the former one, the head 26 will move in the opposite direction around the pin 25, to allow the necessary compensatory movement of the axles 33 and 34. The movement of rotation of the balls 31, cranks 32 and axles 33 and 34 necessitates an additional compensatory movement of the head 26 than that of movement of rotation around the pin 25. For instance, the continued movement of the axles and cranks in thessame direction, causing the balls 31 to travel in a circle that intersects the horizontal plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the axles 33 and 34, necessitates the head 26 to travel longitudinally along the pin 25. Two difl'ercnt positions of said head on said pin are shown by means of the full and the dotted lines in F ig. 2. of .the drawings. The outer ends of the axles 33 and 34 are squared where they make engagement with the wheels of the car, to force the wheels to rotatc with the axles, and to prevent noise through vibration, I mount a spring 40 to hear and exert a tension against the ends of the axles 33 and 34, forcing the latter in the direction of the head 26. The springs 40 are.

held and are inclosed by suitable caps 42securcd to the hubs of the wheels.

From the foregoing description it will be" seen that the working parts of the herein above described differential mechanism are few in number and erect substantial con? struction to withstand the strain to which a mechanism of this character is subjected,

and it will be further noted that when the two wheels of the car'are moving along parallel planes of uniform length, the head 26, casing 10 and axles 33 and 34 all revolve as a single unit structure, highly susceptible of slight and modifying movements between the axles 33 and 34 when a wheel on on' axle is traveling along a plane of greater length than the travel of the wheel on the other axle. Moreover, I produce a construction in difiercntial mechanisms in which the element of lost motion is reduced to a minimum, and far below that possible to be ob- V tamed where intcrmeshing pinions are em-,

ployed in such mechanisms.

IVhile I have described my invention with more or less minuteness as regards details of construction and arrangen1ent,-and as being embodied in certain precise forms, I do not desire to be limited thereto unduly o any more than is pointed out in the claims. On the contrary, I contemplate all proper changes in form, construction and arrangement, the omission of immaterial elements and the substitution of equivalents, of circumstances may suggest'or necessity render bxpedient.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A differential mechanism comprising oo i122 o pair oppoeiteiy di nosed, eiiiied defies, eeid zirdes having" ereih here formed thereon and r .l "r ii. .Loembers having hails thereon, 2i movable heed. provided with recesses to receive eeid boils, a pin passing hmgitudineliy il-iiil'ourrh said head, a, casing for holding said pi iioimry and. for inolosiiig said head i E cmnlemembers, and meanefor illfipzlliilfl movement of. rotation to said cusi A. eiii r hoiiow oweiumism comprising a eiined axles exthrough said casing, erenk-memhers formed crank members having meijihming head interposed mg a, Working engagement t Ci'i-Hik members, a casing said head end crank-members, o'iemm o Hiding i'irzuisvereeiy through the easing mid iongiiudiiiuily through the head to hold the letter he operative position, and means for: imparting" movei'nent of roteuion to said casing 3, A difiierenhn] 'loeohzmism comprising" o easing, :1 pair of Mined zmies extending ion-- gii'odmaiiy through said casing, said axles; ilil'f-img crank-nowhere formed thereon and amok-m:mhere having halls formed -iwio. e ilwoport head moving recesses odiipied to receive said halls. means for hol in the two parts of the head together, pin tier mounting head, said pin being ,eeeured in said casing, and means for Jim arting; movement of rotation to said 111g.

A. differential mechanism comprising-e hollow easing, a pair of exies projeeeing ion gitudineliy into said oilsliiggfiflid melee haying crank-members formed thereon and said croniomemhere having hails thereon, a, pin extending; ireiisvereeiy through said casing and between. the opposing ends oi. said crankmerlohers, means comprising movable head mounted, on eaid pin and making Working Ellglg'fifllfiil'i with said crehiemembers, on

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means for imparting uniform movement oi rotation to said casing.

, 5. A differential mechanism comprising; a. hollow easing, a air of projeoting him said casing, said miles having eranhamei'hhers formed thereon and said creek-members having bails thereon, 73, pin extending transversely through said casing and hetwoen the opposing ends of said erenimnemhere, means eoi'i'iprising a movable heed. i'nounted on said pin and making work'm engagement with said. crank-members, and means for iiilpartihg movement of rotation to said casing" 6. A differential mechanism comprising e, hollow casing, in. pair of axles projectinginto said casing, said axles inwing erm1i-t-o1m11-- hers thereon, and 'crahim'eemhere haw-- ing bolls theieoh o. pin extending;

versely ihrotig'h {he easing, and i'liCflilS cor rising a, movahie member on sand pm m mg working engagement with said are: members to ehenge the jQGSi'EiflI]. of one to that of he or 'Z A. dinereiz ed mechanism eoii'iprising e, pair of oiined aides having; erahh'merir donned on air adjacent ends one. F. erei'iimoerohers having mile thereon a. mow able hfieinher interposed between and merit a Working engagement with the odjw ee. .0 creek-members of said index-3, said row able-member susceptible to both reciprocating and rocking movemenie, a support for moui'itihg said movable member, e frame for holding said support; in operative position, and means for imparting movement of who tion to said frame.

In witness whereof, if. have hereunto eoi;

my hand and seed at Indianapolis, EEC-M31113 this 29 day of April, A. I). one thousand nii e hundred and thirteen.

HARRY E. BAYLY; [L e] Witnesses F. 'W. "Woemome,

I. L. LAeeo'ih iii 

